Ross Perot and George Wallace are the two most influential 3rd party presidential candidates of the last 50 years.

Some say, and I agree, that Mr. Perot made the 1992 election of then Governor Clinton possible.

Others say that Mr. Wallace made the election of former VP Nixon possible in 1968.  Mr.. Wallace also carried states and Mr Perot. did not do that.

On this day in 1972, Mr Wallace was shot during a campaign rally in Maryland:

"Three others were wounded, and Wallace was permanently paralyzed from the waist down.

The next day, while fighting for his life in a hospital, he won major primary victories in Michigan and Maryland. However, Wallace remained in the hospital for several months, bringing his third presidential campaign to an irrevocable end.  

Wallace, one of the most controversial politicians in U.S. history, was elected governor of Alabama in 1962 under an ultra-segregationist platform.

In his 1963 inaugural address, Wallace promised his white followers: "Segregation now! Segregation tomorrow! Segregation forever!" However, the promise lasted only six months.

In June 1963, under federal pressure, he was forced to end his blockade of the University of Alabama and allow the enrollment of African American students.

Despite his failures in slowing the accelerating civil rights movement in the South, Wallace became a national spokesman for resistance to racial change and in 1964 entered the race for the U.S. presidency.

Although defeated in most Democratic presidential primaries he entered, his modest successes demonstrated the extent of popular backlash against integration.

In 1968, he made another strong run as the candidate of the American Independent Party and managed to get on the ballot in all 50 states.

On Election Day, he drew 10 million votes from across the country.  

In 1972, Governor Wallace returned to the Democratic Party for his third presidential campaign and, under a slightly more moderate platform, was showing promising returns when Arthur Bremer shot him on May 15, 1972. After his recovery, he faded from national prominence and made a poor showing in his fourth and final presidential campaign in 1979.

During the 1980s, Wallace's politics shifted dramatically, especially in regard to race. He contacted civil rights leaders he had so forcibly opposed in the past and asked their forgiveness. In time, he gained the political support of Alabama's growing African American electorate and in 1983 was elected Alabama governor for the last time with their overwhelming support.

During the next four years, the man who had promised segregation forever made more African American political appointments than any other figure in Alabama history.  

He announced his retirement in 1986, telling the Alabama electorate in a tearful address that "I've climbed my last political mountain, but there are still some personal hills I must climb. But for now, I must pass the rope and the pick to another climber and say climb on, climb on to higher heights. Climb on 'til you reach the very peak. Then look back and wave at me. I, too, will still be climbing."

He died in 1998."

He started out as a segregationist and then changed appointing a large number of African Americans to the government of Alabama.  He changed on the race issue, as most Southerners have over the last 50 years.

He will always be remembered as the man who may have made the Nixon presidency possible.  We don't know for sure but many of those southern states (46 electoral votes) would have probably voted for VP Humphrey, as Texas did in 1968. Who knows what other states outside of the South would have gone to Humphrey without Wallace?

The final Electoral College vote was Nixon (301), Humphrey (191) and Wallace (46).  The popular vote was also very close: Nixon 43%, Humphrey 42% and Wallace 14%.

A video of the shooting is here.

P. S. You can hear CANTO TALK here & follow me on Twitter @ scantojr.